✮ Noun - Noun Is A Word Used As A Name Of A Person Place Or Thing .
OR
Whatever We Received By Our Physical Eyes And Feel Through Our Sense Is Called Noun
❝ किसी व्यक्ति , वस्तु , स्थान, गुण , कार्य या अवस्था के नाम को संज्ञा कहते हैं | ❞
Kinds Of Noun
- Countable Noun
- Uncountable Noun
1. Common Noun - It Represents The Category To Which A Person , Place & Thing Belongs.
Example - Boy, Girl ,City ,Continent, Animal ,Book ,Mobile Etc. .
2. Proper Noun - It Represents The Name Of A Specific Person, Place Or Thing (Unique) & Begins With A Capital Letter,
Example - Ram, Radha, India, Lucknow ,Asia Etc. .
3. Collective Noun -It Refers To A Group Of People, Animals Or Things.
Example - Team, Crowd ,Jury ,Bunch, Committee Etc. .
4. Material Noun -It Is Used To Name Material/Substances With Which Something Is Made .
Example - Gold, Silver, Cotton ,Wood ,Diamond Etc.
I.E.- The Necklace Is Made Of Gold.
5. Abstract Noun -It Is Used To Name, Emotions, Ideas ,Feelings, Quality ,Action State, That Has No Physical Existance.
Example - Honesty, Fear, Every, Sincerity ,Important .
Important Rules Of Noun
✮ Rule 1 - कुछ Noun का प्रयोग हमेशा Plural Form में ही होता है | क्योंकि वे दिखने में भी Plural होते हैं ,और उनका प्रयोग Plural Verbs के साथ होता है | इन Nouns के अंत में लगे s को हटाकर इन्हें Singular नहीं बना सकते |
Example -Pants,Scissors,Tongs,Wages,Riches,Gallows,Regards Etc.
i.e. -Where Is My Pants ?(✖)
Where Are My Pants ?(✔)
✮ Rule 2 - कुछ Nouns दिखने में Plural लगते हैं,लेकिन अर्थ में Singular होते हैं |इनका Use हमेशा Singular Verb में ही होता है |
Example -News ,Billiards, Athletics, Innings, Politics, Physics ,Mumps, Measles, Economics ,Summons ,Mathematics Etc.
i.e. -Politics Are A Dirty Game.(✖)
Politics Is A Dirty Game.(✔)
✮ Rule 3 - कुछ Nouns दिखने में Singular होते हैं , लेकिन अर्थ में Plural होते हैं |इनका Use हमेशा Plural Verb में ही होता है | इनके साथ s या es लगाकर इन्हें Plural बनाना अनिवार्य नहीं है |
Example -People, Folk, Cattle, Public, Poultry ,Children ,Police, Infantry, Gentry Etc.
i.e. -The Cattle Is Grazing In The Field.(✖)
The Cattle Are Gazing In The Field.(✔)
✮ Rule 4 - कुछ Nouns ऐसे हैं , जो दिखते भी Singular हैं और होते भी Singular हैं |इनके साथ A/An का Use भी नहीं किया जाता है |ये Uncountable होते है |
Example -Scenery, Poetry, Furniture ,Advise ,Information ,Hair, Business ,Bread, Stationery, Luggage, Baggage, Postage ,Knowledge, Wastage ,Jewellery ,Breakage, Work ,Evidence, Fuel ,Cost, Equipment, Mischief, Traffic, Alphabet Etc.
i.e. -Hair Are Black.(✖)
His Hair Is Black(✔)
✮ Rule 5 - If Some Word Is Given Before The Noun Of ❛Rule 4❜ Which Shows Plurality Then We Will Use Some Extra Word Before These Nouns.
Example - Pieces Of, Articles Of, Kinds Of, Types Of ,Slices Of, Items Of Etc.
i.e. -1.He Gave Me All Pieces Of Information.
2. He Ate Two Slices Of Bread.
✮ Rule 6 - Hyphenated Noun का प्रयोग कभी भी Plural Form में नहीं होता है |
i.e. -1.He Gave Me Six Hundred Rupees Notes.(✖)
He Gave Me Six Hundred Rupee Notes. (✔)
2. He Stays In Five Stars Hotels.(✖)
He Stays In Five Star Hotels. (✔)
✮ Rule 7 - यदि किसी Noun के बाद Preposition का प्रयोग हो और फिर वही Noun रिपीट हो तो वह Noun Singular Form में होना चाहिए |
i.e. -Ship After Ship Are Arriving.(✖)
Ship After Ship Is Arriving. (✔)
✮ Rule 8 -Some Nouns Are Used In Singular Form When Definite Numeral Adjective Are Used Before Them.
Example - Dozen, Hundred, Thousand, Million, Pair, Score, Stone, Gross, Billion Etc.
i.e. -I Have Two Pairs Of Shoes.(✖)
I Have Two Pair Of Shoes.(✔)
NOTE -यदि इनके साथ Indefinite Countable का प्रयोग हो तो इन्हें Pluralise किया जा सकता है |
Example -Dozens Of Women, Hundreds Of People, Millions Of Dollars, Many Pair Of Shoes Etc.
i.e. -He Donated Million Of Rupees.(✖)
He Donated Millions Of Rupees.(✔)
Use Of Noun In Possesive Case
✮ Rule 9 -Living Nouns के साथ 's और Non-Living Nouns के साथ OF का प्रयोग करते हैं |
i.e. -1.My Room's Roof Is Leaking Badly.(✖)
The Roof Of My Room Is Leaking Badly.(✔)
2.The Wife Of Rahul Is Very Beautiful.(✖)
Rahul's Wife Is Very Beautiful.(✔)
✮ Rule 10 -In Care Of Transferring Relation ❛S❜ Cannot Be Used With Two Nouns Side By Side.
i.e. -My Friend's Sister's Son Is A Doctor.(✖)
The Son Of My Friend's Sister Is A Doctor.(✔)
✮ Rule 11 -With Compound Noun Also ('s) Is Used With The Last Noun.
i.e. - This Is My Brother's-In-Law House.(✖)
This Is My Brother-In-Law's House.(✔)
✮ Rule 12 -यदि Plural शब्द का Last Letter (s) है तो Apostrophe का Use करते वक्त (s) नहीं लगाते हैं ,केवल Apostrophe(') का ही Use करते हैं |
i.e. - I Went To Boys's Hostel.(✖)
I Went To Boys' Hostel.(✔)
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